Describe the employment of women in Britain in 1914 at the outbreak of war

As war broke out in 1914 around 1/3 of ladies were in some sort of paid business. Most of this was household administration or secretarial work and the vast majority acknowledged, there was a bad situation for ladies in physical work e. g. dock-working, mining or street - burrowing. A lady's job was particularly as the homemaker. They were viewed as the more vulnerable sex and the sex that had less rights than men. Good ladies were relied upon to remain at home and back the offspring of the family. They needed to comply with their spouses. England's recreation class was kept in comfort by a multitude of local hirelings. An enormous landowner with a spouse, two kids and a 62-lives house n the West End required an indoor staff of 36. A portion of the workers went with the family to its different homes †the nation house, the shoreline manor, the ‘shooting box' in Scotland †every one of which likewise had its own different staff, containing numerous ladies. The working day could be an overwhelming 17 hours in length. The most significant female hireling of the family was the servant, known by the title of ‘Mrs', she instructed a detachment of female domestics like woman's house keeper, housemaids, kitchen house keepers and the scullion who washed the dishes. High society ladies were not expected to work. They hence were associated with noble cause work and deliberate work likewise they were intensely engaged with the suffragettes. Many common laborers ladies worked the entire day at employments in their own homes, anyway some regular workers ladies worked in plants, to enhance the men's salary, which frequently wasn't sufficient. Workrooms were frequently packed, grimy, poorly lit, not well ventilated and deficiently warmed. The hours admissible under the Factory Acts in 1901 were long. Ladies and young ladies more than 14 years could be utilized 12 hours per day and on Saturday 8 hours. What's more, in specific businesses, and dressmaking was one, an extra 2 hours could be worked by ladies on 30 evenings in any a year. At the flare-up of war ladies earned around 65 percent of the male pay. The work of little task young ladies, normally just 14 years old was normal. Their work was differed †getting things done, coordinating materials, and taking out bundles, cleaning the workrooms, and frequently additionally helping in crafted by the house. To be going around doing ‘odd occupations' for the representatives of a bustling workshop was difficult work and tiring. It was not astounding that the young ladies in those workshops regularly looked exhausted and exaggerated; yet there were a lot of young ladies to have their spot, so they would not surrender. Numerous others were utilized to chip away at the outside of coal mineshafts or on fish docks at hard, tiring, physical work. A misogynist standpoint upon ladies in the working environment worked all through this period. It brought about aptitude definitions and pay differentials. Ladies' work was generally viewed as incompetent, where as a man doing likewise occupation would be viewed as talented. For instance welding was seen as a gifted activity when men did it yet when ladies became welders during the First World War it was viewed as incompetent, with ladies being paid a large portion of the male rate. White collar class ladies endeavored to get into callings as specialists, attorneys, bookkeepers and investors yet discovered it inconceivably troublesome. The assessment of men was that they were not wise enough and excessively frail sincerely accordingly unfit to adapt to the work. They found business simpler to discover as instructors, as this was managing kids and they had the option to discover work in the cubicle ventures as representatives, telephonists and secretaries. Anyway female agents would win short of what 33% of the male compensation, and a female typist would win i1 seven days contrasted with i3 seven days earned by a man. Ladies from the upper and white collar classes came to have more open doors in the late nineteenth century. This was especially so in training. Advanced education was available to ladies, in spite of the fact that they were limited in taking degrees in either Oxford or Cambridge. Most ladies needed such chances. Ladies for the most part moved into the low-aptitude, low-pay ‘sweat shop' segment as they were denied access to the new advances. Female assembly line laborers were commonly more awful rewarded than men in pay, preparing and openings, and the worker's guilds principally male associations co-worked with the administration or the meaning of aptitudes, which influenced pay, were constrained by men and supported them; gifted ladies were ineffectively perceived. Ladies were likewise paid piece rates and discovered their pay brought down in the event that they earned excessively. One processing plant investigator commented that ‘What would one be able to do when a young lady is acquiring as much as 15 shillings every week except bring down the piece rate? ‘ In a study not long before the war the social pundit and reformer, S. Rowntree, had contended that i1 seven days was vital so as to live above destitution however not many ladies got this sum. In J. M Barrie's parody What Ever Woman Knows (1908), John Shand, the railwayman turned MP, owes his prosperity as a debater to his better half Maggie, who has changed his exhausting talks when she composed them up. Ladies had accomplished some level of conjugal uniformity and been given some instructive open doors by 1914. They had additionally started to make a few advances into customary male occupations and they had concentrated political activity on winning the vote.

Operating Systems and Networking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Working Systems and Networking - Coursework Example This prompted a phenomenal increment in understudy populace from 900 to 1,500, in 2 years. Plainly, the understudy populace and the quantity of staff individuals had grown out of the physical framework at the school. In such manner, the school the executives, in 2004, chose to open a constituent school or grounds in East London, to provide food for the step by step expanding understudy and staff populace. With the point of meeting assorted work necessities of the general public, the school presented, once more, two all the more course, Finance studies and Computer Engineering. Subsequently, the understudy populace expanded to around 2,000, as did the staff individuals. This prompted the opening of a third grounds in 2008 in North London. Furthermore, the school propelled Distance and Open Learning program that focused understudies both inside and outside London. This move prompted an expansion in understudy populace from 2,000 to 3,000. The London College of Law and IT, as at today, has three constituent universities or grounds inside the more prominent, including, the School of Law, School of IT and the School of Finance and Accountancy. Furthermore, the school likewise has 10 open-learning study focuses outside London and has more than 3, 000 understudies altogether and in excess of 100 staff individuals (both low maintenance and fulltime scholastic staff). All the three grounds are free as far as organization and have staff workplaces, understudy auditoriums, student’s lobbies of habitation, PC research center, and a library. Every one of the 10 investigation communities have an authoritative office, a library that bends over as a PC research center, three examination/perusing rooms-1 for law understudy, 1 for IT understudies, and 1 for Finance and Accounting understudies which likewise bends over as assessment focuses. In all the three grounds and the 10-study focus, there a few assigned Wi-Fi hotspots that serve understudies with PCs and tablets. Lo ndon College of Law and IT faces hardened rivalry from different schools in London that offer Law, IT, monetary investigations, or both. Prominent rivalry incorporates the Imperial College London, King’s College London, London College of Law, University College of London, and London College of Legal Studies, among others. b. Necessity Analysis: Computer systems connect an assortment of PCs, equipment and programming through specific programming, cabling frameworks and different gadgets, accordingly empowering their clients to cooperate by sharing records and different assets, for instance, printers and scanners (N. Olifer and V. Olifer, 2006). Today, PC systems are significant; they shape the manner in which we live, study, work or play. They empower us to impart, cooperate, learn, and team up in manners that we were unable to do previously. For higher foundations of learning, for example, colleges and universities, advanced correspondence with voice, video and information is basic to accomplishing todays instructive and learning targets. In this manner, a well and appropriately thought of and planned system is a fundamental necessity for meeting everyday institutional capacities or for working together (White, 2012). Improving PC systems empower us to appreciate better and solid information speeds, and new energizing administrations and applications, for example, video conferencing, IP communication, instruction, internet business and that's only the tip of the iceberg. Structuring another system would profit the London

Application PDF Preview Notes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Application PDF Preview Notes COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog We recently became aware of a slight issue I wanted to share concerning the PDF preview function on the application site. Before you submit your application you will have the ability to preview it in PDF format.     On the PDF you have the ability to view prior to submitting your application certain applicants might see blank values in some of the fields, or incorrect values.   There is a bug in the system that is impacting the PDF and we have been unable to solve the issue. For example, applicants to our MPA-DP program may see a blank value in Degree Program box and applicants that are required to submit TOEFL scores might not see a score value in one of the test score sections.   Also, the the concentration or specialization on the PDF may not match what you entered into the application. We actually view a different PDF in our office and we are experiencing no errors with the PDF that we print to review your application. The errors are only happening in the preview mode for some applicants as they view the PDF on the application site. In summary, while there is some value in previewing the PDF, if some of the values are not displayed or are not displayed correctly in these areas as you preview your application as a PDF, please do not let it concern you. As long as the information you enter on the application is correct and you view it as correct on the application itself all of the values will print correctly in our office. We apologize for any inconvenience.

The Captivating Conspiracy of President John F. Kennedy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 536 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Politics Essay Tags: John F Kennedy Essay Did you like this example? A conspiracy theory is a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators (Conspiracy Theory). One of the most renowned conspiracy theories involves the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Captivating Conspiracy of President John F. Kennedy" essay for you Create order The President was shot by a man named Lee Harvey Oswald. Contrary to the widely accepted belief that Lee Harvey Oswald planned this alone, conspiracy theorists believe that he planned the assassination as part of a larger group of people, the Soviet Union. The theory that Oswald was working alongside the Soviet Union is proven by Oswalds connection with them and his unusual actions leading up to the assassination. The first reason why this theory is true is Lee Harvey Oswalds connections to the Soviet Union. After leaving the Marines he moved to the Soviet Union and tried to renounce his citizenship (Meltzer and Ferrell 133). Oswald lived in the Soviet Union for three years. While there, he married a Soviet woman. He also applied for citizenship but was denied, which caused him to attempt suicide (Meltzer and Ferrell 133). Oswald wanted to live in the Soviet Union rather than the United states which shows that he supported the them more than his own native country. This information supports the theory that Lee Harvey Oswald was working with the Soviet Union in the assassination of the president because it displays the suspicious relationship between Oswald had with them. The second reason it is likely that Oswald was working alongside the Soviet Union is Oswalds peculiar actions prior to the assassination. In 1963, Lee Harvey Oswald founded part of a pro-castro organization in New Orleans. Also, in September 1963, Oswald went to Mexico City. There he tried to get a visa to go to Cuba or return to the Soviet Union (November 22). Additionally, Oswald made a phone call to the Soviet embassy in Mexico City about two months before the assassination (Stanglin). The call indicates Oswald visited the embassy on Sept. 28 and spoke with the embassy consul, Valeriy Kostikov, who the report identified as a member of the KGB assassination department working undercover at the Soviet embassy in Mexico City (Stanglin). These unusual events help prove the theory that Lee Harvey Oswald was working with the Soviet Union. In conclusion, there are to many suspicious factors in Oswalds life for it to be likely that he planned the assassination alone. Therefore, it could not be a coincidence that he had that many connections to the Soviet Union. This proves that Lee Harvey Oswald was working with them in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. If the United States government had believed in this theory, how could it effect the United States relationship with Russia today? Works Cited Conspiracy Theory. Merriam-Webster.com, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam webster.com/dictionary/conspiracy theory. Accessed 13 Nov. 2018 Meltzer, Brad, and Keith Ferrell. History Decoded: The 10 Greatest Conspiracies of All Time. Workman Publishing Company, Inc., 2013. November 22, 1963: Death of the President. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/jfk-in-history/november-22-1963-death-of the-president. Stanglin, Doug. JFK Assassination Files: Oswald Meets KGB Officer at Soviet Embassy in Mexico City. USA Today, Gannett Satellite Information Network, 4 Nov. 2017, www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/11/04/jfk-assassination-files-documenew-release-covers-oswald-calls-soveit-embassy-mexico-city-soviet-spie/832138001/.

Why Do Individuals Commit Crimes - 906 Words

Psychodynamic Theory The reason for criminal behavior has been studied for years. There is a basic question, why do individuals commit crimes? There have been many different suspicions or theories as to why crimes are committed. Some may believe in the theories while others disagree with them. Some may have strong beliefs that certain individuals choose to act a certain way, while others may believe that their actions are out of their control. There is also a theory that negative, criminal behavior is a learned one, some say it is inherited. There is one theory that stems back to the 1800s with Sigmund Freud as the father, the theory of psychological thought. Theory Defined As part of the psychological theories, the psychodynamic theory describes those views that â€Å"some people encounter problems during their early development that cause an imbalance in their personality† (Siegel Worrall, 2014, page 95). This theory falls under a guilty but insane defense. These people are mentally incompetent to defend themselves and were mentally unstable at the time of the offense. â€Å"The psychodynamic approach includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious, and between the different structures of the personality† (McLeod, 2007). These individuals suffer from real psychotic diseases. Because these individuals are mentally and unconsciously unaware of their behavior,Show MoreRelatedWhy do individuals commit crimes?1381 Words   |  6 PagesTHEORIES OF CRIME Uka 5 THEORIES OF CRIME Uka 6 Can I Have Some Theory With That Crime? Why do individuals commit crimes? Society today is very well concerned with this matter. In todays time, there are psychologists, criminologists, biologists, and sociologists searching for an answer. In reality, the answer to this question is very hard to find out. 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These reasons include: The Prison System, drugs, depression and o ther socialRead MoreRoutine Activity And Situational Crime Prevention Theory1082 Words   |  5 PagesRoutine activity theory states that for a crime to be committed, three important factors need to be present including: a motivated offender, an accessible target, and the absence of a capable guardian against a violation. Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen introduced the routine activity theory in 1979, where they believed that an individual who has these three characteristics gives them a greater possibility of committing a crime. Moreover, situational crime prevention is known as strategies of waysRead MoreBehavioral Learning Theory Essay901 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment as well as societys impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as the individual by saying it is a learned behavior and that it also was a choice they made. 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Persuasive Speech Free Essays

Persuasive Speech Length 4-5 minutes PLEASE! Use Proper Safety Restraints in your Vehicle ?Adult restraints – ?Why are they important ?What happens if you don’t use them NO SEATBELT NO EXCUSE! †¢Let me start by saying that YES there are cases where you are better off NOT wearing a seatbelt but those cases are FAR FAR outweighed by the ones where you are better off wearing it. In the past few weeks there have been more than a few news stories about people being killed in car crashes. It doesn’t matter how safe or careful you are, you can’t always predict what others are going to do and especially here in the south you can’t predict with the animals are going to do. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to the CDC, Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among Americans age 5-34. Adult seat belt use is the most effective way to save lives and reduce injuries during a crash, yet millions of Americans don’t wear seat belts. Motor vehicle crashes are a major public health problem. Young people ages 18-24 have the highest crash related injuries. One in four of you will either be injured or killed in a car wreck this year! †¢What is the impact of seat belt use? Studies have shown that using your seat belt has reduced serious crash-related injuries and deaths by about 50%. †¢You say – you don’t need to wear your seatbelt, your car has airbags†¦ Air bags provide added protection but are not a substitute for seat belts air bags alone tend to do more harm than good. †¢You say you are only going â€Å"down the road† – most accidents happen within 2 miles of your home or work place. You say – â€Å"I’m in the backseat†. It doesn’t matter where in the car you are – people in the back seat can AND DO get hurt just as often as those in the front. †¢Everyone else has their seatbelt on – Even if everyone else in the car has on their seatbelt – it only takes one to severely injury or kill others in the car. †¢I don’t want to wrinkle my outfit – but it’s ok to have it cut off you at the hospital because you were thrown out of your car in a wreck and didn’t have your seatbelt on? I would like to share a short video with you – I found this one on the internet but still think it make help you visualize what really happens when you don’t have your seatbelt on in a crash. I tried to find one that wasn’t very graphic but still got my point across. VIDEO! Now that you have heard and seen what can happen when you get in a car without your seatbelt I sincerely hope that each of you will not only wear YOUR seatbelt but insist that everyone in the car with you wears theirs too! If these things have not convinced you scared you enough to wear your seat belt, remember that it IS the law so CLICK IT OR TICKET! How to cite Persuasive Speech, Essays Persuasive Speech Free Essays â€Å"REFLECTION #3† When John the Baptist baptized Jesus, a beautiful thing happened. God showed to everyone who were present that ‘Jesus’ was ‘the One Who is anointed by God’. That means that Jesus was God the Father’s Chosen One, the One Who God had promised to send to save the people He loved. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now When Jesus was anointed, He was anointed with the Holy Spirit and the power of God. This anointing proved that Jesus was God! The public life of Jesus began with His Baptism on the shore of the Jordan River. It ended with Jesus commanding the Apostles to â€Å"go and make disciples of all, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that He had commanded them. † These Words of Jesus from the Holy Bible teach the Christians the great importance of the Sacrament of Baptism. These Words of Jesus from the Holy Bible teach the Christians the great importance of the Sacrament of Baptism. This is the most beautiful thing that happens to a person during the Sacrament of Baptism, something that most Christians do not even realize. This transformation is what it means to be reborn. God actually creates a new heart and a new spirit within the convert who is being baptized. The person is truly not the same anymore, part of his creation having been changed. When Jesus commanded the Apostles to go into the entire world and to preach the Gospel to the whole creation, that those who believe be baptized and saved, Jesus made faith an important part of the Sacrament of Baptism along with the forgiveness of sin. A person cannot be baptized unless he sincerely repents of his sinful nature and has faith in Jesus Christ as Savior, the Giver of the Holy Spirit and the new birth. Before receiving the Sacrament of Baptism, the old self, the heart and human spirit, were stained by the original sin and all the other sins that the person had committed before being baptized. During the Sacrament of Baptism, all of this was crucified with Jesus so that the sinful body may be destroyed, the person no longer being a slave to sin. When a person is baptized, the old inclination of his heart and spirit die and are buried with Christ. When a person is baptized, he is devoted to God. He has a responsibility to promote Christianity. Some people choose to become living sacrifices so they can enjoy a greater daily personal relationship with God. This is seen in those who consecrate their lives to God, the priests, the religious brothers and sisters and the missionaries. These Christians are required by their consecration to do missionary work according to the mandate of their religious Orders to which they belong. And Baptism was a means of grace. God’s grace came upon Jesus when He was baptized. God grace comes upon any humans when they are baptized. It is just that if a human is not baptized, a belief in God is most likely going to lead that person to wanting to receive God’s grace. However, it is only God and Jesus that knows the heart of that human. There are certainly unbaptized humans that purely believe in God and Jesus. Let us remember not to judge upon if a person is baptized or not. After all, it is not said those who are unbaptized will perish. It says those that do not believe will parish. How to cite Persuasive Speech, Essays Persuasive Speech Free Essays Slide 1 Why buy an American made vehicles you ask? I’ll tell you why because buying American made vehicles creates American made jobs. Everyone knows that American made vehicle’s make a distinctive sound. Take for instance the Ford mustang and the Chevy corvette. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now Who doesn’t like the sound of these vehicles or design? A few things I will discuss about American made manufactures will be the quality they put forth in designing these vehicles, the job security it helps with in America and how American manufactures have now stepped up to the plate with their new innovated designs for the auto industry. Let’s take it a step further J. D. Power Associates recently released their results of the â€Å"2012 dependability survey†. This survey ranked 37 different automakers based upon how many complaints Vehicle owners reported. To no surprise the survey showed that two of the top four ranking vehicles were held by luxury car makers Lexus, Porsche you can’t argue that. But right behind them followed two American car makers Lincoln and Cadillac that’s 2 out of 4 for America. Slide 2 Here is a graph on how America made Quality vehicles compared to the foreign vehicle makers. Look people it speaks for itself here are the true facts. J. D. Power and Associates study of the quality of American made vehicles shows that American made vehicles have been produced with better quality since the 1999 study. Both foreign and domestic car makers have steadily declined in their quality but still holding strong Domestics are still on top. Slide 3 A U. S. News report showed that Ford and GM have increased their customer satisfaction over the past five years and have been rated the highest of all vehicle manufactures in the past two years in a row. With Ford at 87% and GM at 84. % these studies don’t lie they come from real customers and real vehicle owners. American’s can and do build quality and with quality you get a product that last longer and is more dependable. Slide 4 The Ford focus was voted best small compact car and won the J. D. Power award for 2012. Now why wouldn’t you want to own that? Slide 5 The Ford Mustang won the best midsize car , Come one now people it has been everyone’s dream to own a car like that but that’s not it the Slide 6 Ford fusion Ranked second for the best large size car and won the satisfaction award for large size sedans in 2012 from J. D. Power awards associates. In the latest J. D. Power dependability study Ford has now rivaled Japan in manufacturing of vehicles; GM’s Buick division has now tied with Jaguar for the first time in years. Buick also beat out foreign makers Toyota and Lexus From 8 out of 11 car segment awards the car manufacture GM has climbed to the top with their new models with three first place finishes in best all-around, best designed vehicle, and at something we all like to hear when it comes to purchasing a vehicle lowest pricing, but most reliable. Slide 7 Slide 8 Well let’s talk about what the auto industry does for us Americans. Well for starters Creating American made jobs creates American revenue. Slide 9 That revenue is like the food chain in the animal planet it revolves in equality for the American economy. When we don’t buy American vehicles we are hurting America’s economy, not buying these American made cars hurt the manufactures. The more American made vehicles we sell the better job growth is and the better Americas economy can get. It’s a no brainer people. Slide 10 According to the Congressional Budget office in 2011 over the past decade 100,000 jobs have been lost in America’s auto industry from importing and manufacturing products overseas. GM and Chrysler where both bailed out by the Obama industry we all remember that, while American manufacturer Ford still ran strong, but in doing so they created more jobs, because it was viable to the American people to finally step up and help with the economy. The auto industry is an integral part of our nation. The Detroit car industry is like the aircraft manufactures both private industries’ play an enormous part on are economic growth. When you buy that American made vehicle you help America with job security, lower vehicle cost and create innovated technology for other car manufactures to design, just to try and keep up with today’s trends. Listen people American’s have been asking for this for years now the message we have all asked for has been answered. â€Å"Make a product that suits the needs of the consumer, and we will buy†. This has been fulfilled by the American auto industry of today. So stop waiting and start buying. Innovated design Slide 11 America does make fuel-efficient vehicles. Such as the Chevy volt that gets an estimated 93 to 37 Mpg. Talk about gas miliage people. Now who would have thought that America could keep up with these innovated fuel designs? Oh, but they have and they are not only building these vehicles to keep up, but also staying on the top of the charts as having some of the top Fuel efficient vehicles. Take the Ford Fusion or maybe the Ford Escape or Chevy Malibu to name a few these vehicles rank among the top in fuel economy in today’s industry. These vehicles are not only keeping up with today’s auto manufactures they are staying ahead. The American auto industry is now allowing â€Å"Payment protection plans† on their vehicles like Hyundai and other foreign auto makers. Most foreign products are made very cheap and are imported from poor nations. You ever heard that saying â€Å"Made by the cheapest bidder† Well that’s how some of these foreign vehicles parts are produced. Who wants to own one of these. Slide 12 Slide 13 Did you know that the Ford industry has been rated #1 the last two years in a row for having the best quality and lowest priced vehicle’s basically the best bang for your buck. Slide 14 Slide 15 Well the Ford Fiesta has been ranked #1 by KBB two years running in the small compact car line at just over $12,000 and in second also a Slide 16 domestic vehicle manufacture is the Chevy Aveo yes its ugly but it still serves a purpose and it’s also rated the best bang for your buck vehicle at just over $13,000. Now that you have the knowledge of why to buy an American made vehicle. You should understand that there is no good reason to buy a foreign made vehicle and every reason not to. There are cars built right here in America that are of equal or better quality. Buying an American made car is one way for ordinary individuals to make that small difference in today’s economy and securing jobs for future Americans, the same way environmentalist have been pushing hybrid vehicles America has innovated their vehicle’s designs to not only compare to the foreign auto market, but be rated higher than those foreign vehicle manufactures. So, America stand up and park some patriotism in your drive way. Slide 17 Slide 18 How to cite Persuasive Speech, Essays Persuasive Speech Free Essays Anna Rash November 9, 2009 Persuasive Speech Outline Comm Lab 150 Section 10 Mandatory Physical Education General Purpose: To persuade Speech Goal: I want to persuade my classmates that physical education should be mandatory in grades K-12, yet reforms should be made to make it mandatory. Introduction: I. How many times have you thought about wanting to work out to keep up a â€Å"fit and healthy† lifestyle, but did not know the criteria for a certain workout or even how much you should be doing during a week? Making physical education in grades kindergarten through 12th grade will help teach you these lifelong skills. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now II. Physical education should be mandatory in grades K-12 for the following three reasons: A. Learning how to live a healthy lifestyle B. Avoiding obesity C. Decreasing depression and anxiety Body: I. Children need to learn how to live a healthy lifestyle. A. According to Jessica Barron from an article on Associated Content, â€Å"Physical education is necessary in schools to effectively teach children how to manage their lives in a healthy way. Children are less likely to care about their health if they are not told why health is important than children who are educated about nutrition and exercise. † B. While physical education needs to educate students in the classroom about how to eat better and maintain a healthy lifestyle, they also need to learn how sports can be enjoyable. According to an article written by Jessica Barron on Associated Content, most children do not know that sports can be fun and enjoyable if they are not made to at least try them. Without physical education, these children will never be trying any sports. Sometimes they even miss finding a hidden talent. C. According to the American Heart Association, elementary students should be required to have at least 150 minutes per week, while middle school students should be required to have at least 225 minutes per week, and high school students have to complete a physical education requirement prior to graduation. D. If learning how to live a healthy lifestyle is engrained into your memory, you are more likely to continue doing it when you graduate high school and attend college, which is something we can all find relative. Transition: Along with learning how to live a healthier lifestyle, the risk of obesity as a teenager and adult can be avoided with a better lifestyle. II. Obesity is a continuing problem among children. When children do not learn how to take care of their bodies, it can follow them into their adult life, which increases health risks majorly. A. Nearly 10 million children ages 6-19 are considered overweight. (American Heart Association). B. â€Å"In 1971 only 4% of overweight adolescents made up the population. That number has nearly quadrupled into 17% in 2003† (American Heart Association). C. Physical education needs to begin early and continue all throughout high school (K-12) because nearly two-thirds of Americans are overweight, and one in five four year olds are already obese according to The USA Today. D. Obesity can cause increased risk in certain health issues, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, and osteoarthritis, cited from the WebMD. Transition: By making physical education mandatory, obesity can be avoided along with decreasing depression and anxiety, which will ultimately help weight as well. III. Physical education can help maintain a positive attitude and decrease depression. This is crucial during teenage years because you are transitioning through different stages and friendships. A. After conducting an experiment in young females, psychologists found that after 5 50-minute light jogging/exercise programs for 8 weeks, depressive states significantly decreased compared to young females who just did daily activities (European Public Health Association). B. â€Å"One recent study found that a good workout could boost your level of serotonin, a brain chemical that is linked to mood,† according to Kate Lee, a consumer health activist. C. Increasing this serotonin is exactly what children need in their lives to decrease signs of depression. D. According to the American Psychological Association, suicide, which is mainly caused by depression, is the third highest death rate among teenagers. Physical exercise being made mandatory in schools can help prevent this. E. This statistic should be widely remembered when certain lobbyists begin advocating against physical education because schools cannot fund it, or because physical education is not in the standard â€Å"academic curriculum. Transition: If physical exercise and education is something that can fight against depression, then why should schools be cutting it out of their curriculums and adding in harder academic classes where the students are concentrating for eight straight hours a day? Conclusion: I. After the points I have given, you should be able to see why physical education must be mandatory in our school systems for grades kindergarten through 12th gra de. II. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and exercising is key to a happier life and mood day to day. Decreasing anxiety will make you feel better overall, therefore keeping your weight at a healthy level. III. Physical education and proper exercise can do no harm, therefore why should it not be in school systems all over the country? Barron, Jessica. â€Å"Physical Education in Schools. † Associated Content (2006): 1-3. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Day Care next frontier in fighting childhood obesity. † USA Today 13 Oct 2009: n. pag. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . Lee, Kate. â€Å"Can exercise really improve my mood?. † Healthy Me (2009): n. pag. Web. 1 Nov 2009. . Nabkasorn, Channuda, Nobuyuki Miyai, Anek Sootmongkoi, Suwanna Junpraset, and Hiroichi Yamamoto. Effects of physical depression, neuroendocrine stress hormones and physiological fitness in adolescent females with depressive symptoms. † European Public Health Association 16. 2 (2005): 179-184. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Physical Education in Schools. † American Heart Association. 2009. American Heart Associ ation, Web. 28 Oct 2009. . â€Å"Teen and Young Adult Suicide: A National Health Crisis. † American Psychological Association (2001): n. pag. Web. 3 Nov 2009. . â€Å"Weight Loss: health risks associated with obesity. † Web MD. 05 May 2009. WebMD, Web. 3 Nov 2009. . How to cite Persuasive Speech, Essays Persuasive Speech Free Essays Laura Boreen Neilson Intro to Public Speaking 14 November 2010 Persuasive Speech Reduce Landfill Waste by Reduce, Reuse and Recycling and the financial benefits I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Over half of the waste that ends up in the landfill does not belong there because it could have been recycled or reused. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasive Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now B. Credibility Statement: Not only do I religiously practice reducing, reusing, and recycling, but I have done a great deal of research for this speech, also research for a recycling project in my Human Concerns Class. C. Significance/Identification Statement: The survey that I conducted with this class concluded that every one of us acknowledges that recycling is beneficial, yet only 60%, a little over half, of us actually do. D. Thesis Statement: When I am through with this speech you will be convinced that reducing, reusing and recycling will keep unwanted items out of the landfill, can easily be done and while implementing the 3 R’s reduce, reuse, recycle can make and save you money. E. Preview Statement: I will present the current problem of overusing landfills, offer specific ways to implement the 3 R’s: and how the 3 R’s can benefit your financial situation. Connective: First let us look at the landfill. Or as Daniel Pike in the state journal register calls it â€Å"the graveyard of a disposable society. † II. Body A. Consumers are quick to buy and do not think when it comes time to dispose of the waste. 1. According to factmonster. com 62% of municipal waste is dumped in the landfill. A single individual contributes roughly 4 pounds of that waste per day. In that waste you’ll find tons of glass, tons of paper and cardboard; also enormous tons of food residues, yard trimmings, textiles, and plastics currently, there are over 3,000 active landfills in the US. 2. A series on the history channel called â€Å"†life after people† discusses how varies landmarks, the environment, and certain â€Å"stuff† will look like or be like when this earth is no longer inhabited by people. Though I won’t share my views on the particle subject, I did find the episode about waste very empowering. I would like to share that with you. www. history. com/shows/life-after-people/videos/life-after-people-trash Connective: Now let’s look at ways to keep waste out of the landfills. B. The answer to help alleviate the overuse of landfills are reducing, reusing, and recycling of waste. 1. Reducing your waste should be thought of first. If you don’t have the waste to begin with than you don’t have to worry about where it is going to end up. According to Monique Beaudin, who wrote the article â€Å"Putting the first â€Å"R† into action; using the ‘Reduce’ step makes a bigger impact than you would think. † Printed in The Gazette, 2010 â€Å"Reducing is often in the shadow of the easier R-recycling. One specific way that will reduce waste is coming up with the holidays. Giving gifts can produce lots of waste whether it be, packaging of the item and/or the wrapping paper around the packaging. In the same article mentioned above by Monique Beaudin, she encourages holiday shoppers to buy less packaged gifts and give an experience, such as concert tickets for a gift. Therefore saving waste. Something to also consider when being mindful of reducing is buying bulk food items. This will help eliminate packaging waste and will usually be cheaper per ounce. Saving you money. Buying bulk will also help you with food waste. The important thing to remember when you want to save money and eliminate waste by buying bulk is to prepare a meal plan before you buy. A meal plan will encourage you to eat at home reducing the temptation of eating fast food resulting in wrappers that will end up in the trash. When I do my meal planning for the week I will always leave a few lunches and a dinner slot open for leftovers, so that I don’t have the option to throw food away. 2. The second rule regarding the 3R’s is reusing. This can be, but is not limited to reusing your own waste for a different purpose. For example, using a leftover coffee can for loose nails or screws, or even washing and reusing a plastic zip-loc bag instead of throwing it in the garbage. Thrift shopping is a way of reusing someone else’s unwanted goods. As I spoke about in an earlier speech about thrifting, I included many locations and ways to thrift, also the benefits to the shopper and the donator. One place in particular was shopping at the local boys and girls club. I personally shop there, keeping my eyes open for a good deal. For example, the pair of jeans that I am wearing today was purchased from this store just a few months ago. I paid only $8. 0 for this pair of Lucky Jeans and according to buckle. com, a retailer for lucky jeans the retail price is $99. 00 that is a savings to me of $91. 00. I am not the type to worry about name brands, but quality usually does cost more. If I can get a quality pair of jeans at a fraction on the price, I am glad to shop at the thrift store. I am thankful to the person that made the donation of the lucky jeans and they can benefit from that donation. According to the IRS webpage, IRS. Gov it explains that an individual can donate items like clothing, household furniture and furnishings, a car or boat, even taxidermy. The donations are appraised, by the donator, and recorded. At the time of filing taxes if the donation equals at least $500 for the year, the donator may take advantage of the tax benefits. Simply summarized, reusing benefits the consumer and the donator while keeping items out of the landfill. 3. Let’s now look at recycling, the most thought of way to elimate waste in the landfill. According to the Environmental Protection Agency webpage, EPA. gov â€Å"Recycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into valuable resources. Collecting used bottles, cans, and newspapers and taking them to the curb or to a collection facility is just the first in a series of steps that generates a host of financial, environmental, and social returns. Some of these benefits accrue locally as well as globally. † Our family benefits from recycling so we take it somewhat serious. In terms that we recycle everything that can be. Every month we take our recyclables, all plastic, steel, glass, paper and aluminum cans, to Minnkota, the local recycling center, and except the return in the form of a check. If you would prefer not to take cash, Minnkota has the ability to donate your profit to any local establishments. There are 54 organizations to choose from including, boy scouts, churches and the city pound. Minnkota pays a penny a pound on all material, although aluminum cans yield a higher return, which I recently received . 45 cents per pound. This past month, the check I received, for 1 month’s recycleables for our family of 3 was $7. 45. This may not seem like much, but it will add up. What I do is deposit the checks into our Christmas club savings account. This account yields a rate of . 5 percent. After 12 months of deposits, averaging $7. 45 per month, our account will reflect roughly $89. 00. That is more than we started with and proof that recycling pays and keeps reusable goods out of the landfills. Don’t forget that buying recycled products, such as paper, helps the environment and also is really the main focus of the movement, going green. There would be no need to recycle to begin with, if we are not willing to use the product that is made from the recycled goods. Consumers that buy recycled goods â€Å"closes the loop†, states the University of Arkansas. Connective: Let’s look our own waste and what can be saved from the landfill. DEMO. III. Conclusion A. Closure Statement/Review of Main Point: In closing, we now recognize that landfills are overly used and dumped with valuable materials and have been exposed to ways to reduce, reuse and recycle. In doing so we are turning trash to treasure and waste into money, just in the time of this speech I have benefited your wallet $180! B. Restate Thesis: Reducing, reusing, and recycling keeps valuables out of the landfill, it’s easy to do and when it influences our finances will motivate you. C. Clincher: The change starts with us. This waste has been tossed by students and staff throughout the day. Look at the amount that would not have to be in the landfill. Next time you decide to make a purchase and then ultimately discard it or its waste; reach in your wallet and consider your funds, than ask your self, can this item be donated, reused or recycled. Works Cited Pike, Daniel. â€Å"Garbage Mountain†. State Journal Register   6   May  2005, ProQuest Newsstand,  ProQuest. Web. 3 Dec. 2010. â€Å"http://www. factmonster. com/ce6/. html. † The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. 1994, 2000-2006, on Fact Monster. 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Fact Monster. 05 Dec. 2010 . â€Å"http://www. factmonster. com/ce6/. html. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. 1994, 2000-2006, on Fact Monster. 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Fact Monster. 05 Dec. 2010 . Intro to Speech classmates. â€Å"recycle survey†. Boreen, Laura. 3. Nov. 2010 â€Å"Trash†. The History Channel website. 2010. 3 Dec. 2010. Beaudin, Monique. †Å"Putting the first ‘R’ into action; Reduce, reuse, recycle. Using the ‘Reduce’ step makes a bigger impact than you might think. †Ã‚  The Gazette   25   Oct. 2010, ProQuest Newsstand,  ProQuest. Web. 7 Nov. 2010. Buckle. 3 Dec. 3 â€Å"Publication 526† Interneal Revenue Service. 3. Dec. 2010 â€Å"Recycling† Enviromental protection Agency. 5 May 2010. 3 Dec. 2010. How to cite Persuasive Speech, Essays

Understand Current National and Organisational Policies and Practices for Literacy Development free essay sample

They must be given the opportunity within all different subject areas to use and extend their language so that their thinking skills progress to a higher level. The literacy curriculum is for pupils to explore and expand on how language works and to gain knowledge of various genres and situations. The Primary Framework for Literacy is to support and increase all children’s access to excellent teaching, leading to exciting and successful learning. I am currently working in KS2 (year 4). My teacher will set the lesson for each day in accordance with the National Curriculum. The lesson is broken down and put on to a daily lesson plan. Prior to the lesson she will go over the plan in more detail with me and give me ample time to prepare any resources required. For the lesson, the class are divided on to tables so that children of the same ability are placed together. We will write a custom essay sample on Understand Current National and Organisational Policies and Practices for Literacy Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am usually put with the lower able children as they are in need of the extra support. In a typical lesson in class, the teacher will teach the whole class activity. This gives the children the opportunity to put forward and share their ideas. The teacher then gives the work to the groups which will depend on their ability. In my setting, literacy lessons are conducted every other day whilst a reading and writing based lesson, called Read, Write Ink, is provided every day in small groups (usually about 12) where the children are of similar ability. Teaching assistants are responsible for their own group and follow the plans issued by the author of the lessons. The literacy format in class varies from week to week whereas Read, Write, Ink follows the same format for five days at a time but refers to a different story book each week. Read, Write, Ink was brought into the school to assist the children in their phonic knowledge as this was found to be lacking throughout the school. It is the responsibility of the teachers that children are placed in certain ability groups and they also track their progress. Children have talk partners to sound out their ideas before moving onto independent work in both literacy and Read, Write, Ink. At the end of both sessions, children are brought back to whole class discussions to talk about what they worked on or wrote. Early Years or Foundation children must develop their oral skills so that they can go on to access the National Curriculum. Dressing up and drama play a huge role for them to expand their language, listening skills and imagination. As they get older and move into KS2, their oral skills progress to speaking and/or presenting to the rest of the class. My school also involve support assistants in taking intervention classes. We daily take a group of 6 children out of the class to work on comprehension, reading and punctuation. This is to improve their grades and levels. Each week spelling tests are set for the older pupils of the school. Children with English as their second language are also given specialist support as a language specialist will come into the school and given extra speaking, reading and writing interventions. Whilst in class during a literacy lesson, children with very little English language will complete early learning games. This could be made up of cards matching pictures to their English word cards, for example, a picture of a horse will match to the word ‘horse’. As their English progresses, they would become more involved in the lessons that the whole class is doing, but we would be considerate by using more basic language so that it gives the child confidence in what they are doing. Correcting their grammar is essential; otherwise they fall into lazy habits. However, this must be done in a sensitive and caring manner. An example of this is a year 4 Portuguese boy in my class. He has been with us for 2 years. He recently asked me ‘can I drink water please’. I told him the correct way to ask was ‘can I have a drink of water please’. He now asks correctly each time. 1. 2, Summarise the relevant policy and age related expectations of learners relevant to literacy development in the setting. If you are supporting pupils literacy development you will need to be aware of your schools English or literacy policy. This will outline your schools approach to the teaching of reading, writing, speaking and listening and should follow local or national guidelines. In England and Wales, the National Primary Literacy Framework outlines the structure for the teaching of literacy. It shows 12 strands of learning which a child must be taught throughout his or her entire primary education, including Foundation. In Foundation, teachers are expected to follow the two subject areas, which are Prime areas of learning and Specific areas of learning. Prime areas of learning * Listening and attention * Understanding * Speaking This supports Communication and Language as being imperative in the child’s earliest years. This will be developed through relationships with others using a variety of activities and will be supported by adults whilst doing so. This in turn will contribute into helping them to exercise their thinking skills. Specific areas of learning * Reading * Writing Their learning will develop into understanding that the sounds that they hear in a word are linked to letters, which then progresses them to decode and read regular words which would then lead to them being able to write words and simple sentences. Once the above are reached by a child at the end of Foundation stage, it means they have met their Early Learning Goals. As children leave Foundation stage and move into Key Stage 1, their learning objectives must be brought into line with the 12 learning strands of the National Primary Literacy Framework. Speak and listen for a wide range of purposes in different contexts * Speaking * Listening and Responding * Group discussion and Interaction * Drama Read and write for a range of different purposes on paper and on screen * Word recognition: decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling) * Word structure and spelling * Understanding and interpreting text * Engaging and responding to texts Creating and shaping texts * Text structure and organisation * Sentence structure and punctuation * Presentation The DfE have made the site available on line of the early years foundation stages national strategies and requirements. These outline the strand that is applicable to each year group. 1. 3, Summarise the teachers programme and plans for literacy development For effective support for children in literacy, and a ny other subject, there should be a prior conversation between you and the class teacher or knowledge of the planned activities of the lesson. In a majority of schools, my setting included, the support staff are given plans at the beginning of the week as well as being on display in the classroom. Within some settings the support staff are included in the planning of the lessons where their input and ideas can be given, especially for activities and approaches for children that they work closely with. Support staff should make notes on the daily plans. This is of the children they worked with that day which monitors each child’s progress and understanding and if they met the learning objective. Praise and feedback along with clarifying problems or misunderstandings are imperative to children, encouraging them to be confident learners. Once the lesson is complete, communication with the teacher should take place to ensure they are aware of how the children managed the task. Within my school there is a literacy policy set for the staff to follow, we believe that communication both oral and written is the key to educational progress, to social integration and to personal development and happiness. Literacy is about promoting fluent readers, confident writers and effective speaking and listeners. Children must listen to others and take account of the speaker, respond thoughtfully and demonstrate the skills necessary for effective speaking and listening. We aim to develop the necessary skills to read confidently, fluently and with enjoyment and understanding. We aim to use a wide range of resources, i. e. websites, non-fiction books and encyclopaedias to expand their knowledge and understanding along with exposing them to many different forms of genre. This sets out exactly what is to be taught and how it is taught. Medium term planning takes place every term and sets out the planned lessons and activities for the coming term. Each plan must give every pupil the opportunity to develop good speaking and listening, reading and writing skills. Activities are often linked to the theme/topic for the term and teachers capitalize on opportunities to teach specific text types when the theme is appropriate e. g. Explanation texts during a science based theme.